Sustantivos femininos y plurales
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Like English nouns, most Spanish nouns have singular and plural forms. In addition, Spanish nouns referring to people and animals often have different masculine and feminine forms, which means that these nouns can have up to four forms:
| masculine singular | masculine plural |
| feminine singular | feminine plural |
Feminine nouns
Most Spanish nouns that have different forms end in –o when masculine and –a when feminine.
| a cashier | un cajero | una cajera |
| a Mexican | un mejicano | una mejicana |
Masculine nouns that end in a consonant add –a for the feminine form:
| a teacher | un profesor | una profesora |
| a German | un alemán | una alemana* |
* Note that the accent is no longer needed in the feminine form due to the rules of Spanish word stress.
When the masculine noun ends in -a or -e, there is no difference between the masculine and feminine forms.
| an artist | un artista | una artista |
| a Canadian | un canadiense | una canadiense |
Plural nouns
Making nouns plural in Spanish is only slightly more complicated than in English.
1. If the noun ends in a vowel, add –s.
| casa hombre foto |
casas hombres fotos |
2. If the noun ends in any consonant except –z, add –es.
| mujer rey mes |
mujeres reyes meses |
3. If the noun ends in –z, change it to –c and add –es. (Why?)
| vez lápiz nariz |
veces lápices narices |
Feminine and Plural Quizzes
Think you’ve got it? Test yourself on feminine and plural Spanish nouns:
* You must be logged into your Progress with Lawless Spanish account to take this test. If you don’t have one, sign up – it’s free!
Note: The same rules apply when pluralizing adjectives.
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